PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES VS PURISIMA

FACTS
Information’s were filed before the three Courts of First Instance involved in charging the defendants with “illegal possession of deadly weapon” in violation of PD No. 9. The three respondent Judges issued in the cases filed an Order quashing or dismissing the informations on a common ground that the information did not allege facts which constitute the offense penalized by PD No. 9 because it failed to state one element  of the crime. The missing element of the offense charged is the carrying outside of the accused’s residence of bladed, pointed or blunt weapon in furtherance or on the occasion of connected with or related to subversion, insurrection, or rebellion, organized lawlessness or public disorder. Petitioners argued that the real nature of the criminal charge is determined not from the caption or preamble of the information nor from the specification of the provision of law alleged to have been violated but by the actual recital of facts in the complaint or information.

ISSUE
Whether or not the preamble is an essential part to determine the real nature of the crime charged.

HELD
Yes, because the aid available to ascertain the intent or reason of PD No. 9 is clearly spelled out in the “Whereas” clauses, or the preamble of the statute. A “preamble” is the key of the statute, to open the minds of the makers as to the mischief which are to be remedied, and objects which are to be accomplished, by the provisions of the statute. While the preamble of the statute is not strictly a part thereof, it may, when the statute is in itself ambiguous and difficult of interpretation, be resorted to, but not to create a doubt or uncertainly which otherwise does not exist.



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